Pediatrics and its various subspecialties have experienced extraordinary development in our country throughout its history. Since the 19th century, its evolution has been constant in terms of knowledge, technology, and approach, always striving to provide comprehensive care to children and adolescents. It is impossible to list all the milestones of our specialty in just a few lines, but, as examples, we can mention: the founding in 1911 of the Argentine Society of Pediatrics, one of the oldest in the world; the work of historical figures such as Ricardo Gutiérrez, Pedro de Elizalde, Alfredo E. Larguía, Juan P. Garrahan, Florencio Escardó, and Carlos Gianantonio; the early establishment of pediatric hospitals and general hospitals with public and private pediatric services, which have also served as training centers. And more recently, the inauguration of the Garrahan Hospital in 1987 marked a turning point thanks to an innovative approach to children's healthcare.