Mariano Asla holds a degree in Philosophy from the Catholic University of Argentina and a PhD in Philosophy from the University of Navarra. He is the author of the book “Universal Moral Grammar: A Cognitive Approach to Moral Law?”, published by EUNSA. He is an adjunct professor of Philosophical Anthropology and Ethics at the Faculty of Biomedical Sciences of the Universidad AustralShe is also a member of the Council on Ethics in Medicine (CAEEM) of the National Academy of Medicine. Her area of ​​interest is philosophical naturalism, particularly in areas such as the cognitive sciences of morality and religion, the philosophy of pain, and the question of human universals and innatism.

Javier Vidal holds a Bachelor's degree in Philosophy from the University of Navarra and a PhD in Philosophy from the University of Oviedo (Spain). He is currently an Associate Professor in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Concepción (Chile), where he teaches and conducts research in the areas of philosophy of language and philosophy of mind. He is the author of more than 25 publications in these areas. In recent years, his research has focused on the first person and the relationship between consciousness and self-awareness. He is currently the principal investigator of the Fondecyt project (CONICYT, Government of Chile): “Psychological Self-Knowledge and Immunity to Misidentification.”

Ignacio Aguinalde Sáenz holds degrees in Philosophy and Psychology from the Catholic University of Argentina. He is the author of the preliminary study and annotated translation of Thomas Aquinas's Commentary on Aristotle's book On Generation and Corruption, Principles of Nature, and Other Cosmological Treatises, published by EUNSA (2005), and of the book Psychology (EDUCA 2009). He has worked on research projects sponsored by the University of Navarra. His areas of interest are the philosophy of nature, epistemology, and cognitive psychology. He is a professor of Philosophical Anthropology and Statistics at the Faculty of Biomedical Sciences of the University of Navarra. Universidad AustralHe is currently finishing his doctoral thesis on the Philosophy of Mind in the thought of the American author John Searle.

Francisco José Soler Gil studied physics and philosophy at the University of Granada and holds a PhD in Philosophy from the University of Bremen (Germany). He has worked in the philosophy of physics research group at that university, as well as in the particle astrophysics research group at the Technical University of Dortmund (Germany). He is currently a researcher in the Faculty of Philosophy at the University of Seville. He specializes in the philosophy of nature and physics. His published works include the following books: "Aristotle in the Quantum World" (2003), "The Divine and the Human in Stephen Hawking's Universe" (2008), "Discovery or Construction? Astroparticle Physics and the Search for Physical Reality" (2012), "Materialist Mythology of Science" (2013), "Philosophy of Cosmology" (2014), and "The Universe Under Debate" (2016).

Leonardo Rufiner holds a degree in Bioengineering from the National University of Entre Ríos, a Master's degree in Biomedical Engineering from the Autonomous Metropolitan University (Mexico), and a PhD in Engineering from the University of Buenos Aires. He is an Independent Researcher at CONICET and a Full Professor at the National University of Entre Ríos and the National University of the Littoral. He directs the Cybernetics Laboratory (UNER) and is a member of the Institute for Research in Signals, Systems, and Computational Intelligence (UNL-CONICET).

Alexandre de Pomposo holds a PhD in Physical Sciences from the Free University of Brussels, Belgium, with a dissertation supervised by Professor Ilya Prigogine (Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1977). He also holds a Bachelor's degree in Philosophy from the Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium. He is a Medical Doctor from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). He is a member of the Royal Academy of Sciences of Belgium as an independent researcher. He is a member of the French Society of Philosophy, the Xavier Zubiri Foundation in Madrid, and the Ethics and Research Committee for Human Studies at Médica Sur in Mexico City. He participates in the Human Connectome Project as an external collaborator. He is the Research Coordinator and Professor at the Clinical Teaching Department of the Faculty of Medicine at UNAM. He is also Professor and Emeritus Researcher at the Edgar Morin Multiversity of the Real World in Mexico City.

Juan José Sanguineti holds a PhD in Philosophy and Letters from the University of Navarra. He teaches Philosophy of Knowledge at the Faculty of Philosophy of the Pontifical University of the Holy Cross (Rome). He is the author of fifteen books and approximately 90 scholarly articles on epistemology, philosophy of science, philosophy of nature, philosophy of mind, and neuroscience. He directed the scientific committee of the STOQ III project (Rome, 2007-2010, University of the Holy Cross, Neuroscience area). He regularly teaches doctoral courses and seminars at various universities in Latin America. He is a full member of the Pontifical Roman Academy of St. Thomas Aquinas and the Argentine Thomistic Society. He serves on the scientific committee of the journal "Acta Philosophica" (University of the Holy Cross).

Marta Bertolaso ​​is an Associate Professor of Philosophy of Science at the Faculty of Engineering and the Institute of Philosophy of Scientific and Technological Practice at the Biomedical University Campus of Rome. Her research projects address new epistemological and philosophical challenges in the fields of biological and systemic development (with a special emphasis on cancer), scientific advancement, silica medicine, and modeling and validation processes. She has taught philosophy of science and bioethics at various universities in Italy, Munich, and St. Louis (USA). Among her recent publications is *Philosophy of Cancer – A Dynamic and Relational View*. Springer Series in “History, Philosophy & Theory of the Life Sciences”, 2016, and The Future of Scientific Practice: 'Bio-Techno-Logos', Pickering & Chatto Publishers, London, 2015. He is currently also working for a new Springer Series entitled “Human Perspectives in Bio-Medicine and Technology”.

Gonzalo Arrondo Ostíz is a researcher with the Mind-Brain group at the Institute for Culture and Society (University of Navarra, Spain). He has expertise in neuropsychology, functional neuroimaging, evidence-based medicine and biopsychology, and experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience in general. His research interests focus on the psychological processes of decision-making, evidence-based psychology and medicine, and the epistemology of psychiatry. In addition to leading some of the Mind-Brain group's projects, he provides general support in the design and analysis of empirical studies.

José Ignacio Murillo is a Professor in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Navarra. His research lies in the field of anthropology and is driven by an interest in integrating the diverse scientific perspectives that study humankind. This concern has also led him to engage in dialogue with the natural and social sciences, as well as with theology. In recent years, he has focused particularly on the relationship between biology and anthropology, and has studied the theme of life and living beings in the works of various authors. He currently directs the interdisciplinary project “Biology and Subjectivity in Contemporary Philosophy and Neuroscience” at the Institute for Culture and Society (ICS) of the University of Navarra.

Angela Suburo holds a doctorate in Medicine from the University of Buenos Aires, specializing in neuroscience.

She is a Principal Investigator at CONICET and a Professor of Cellular and Molecular Medicine at the Universidad AustralShe is a member of several associations: the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (Chairperson of the Retinal Cell Biology section), the Society for Neuroscience, the International Society for Eye Research, the Argentine Society of Neurochemistry, and the Argentine Society for Clinical Research. She leads a group of young researchers dedicated to the study of neurodegenerative diseases of the retina and brain. Her work, “Photoreceptor Protection Mechanisms: Role of Glucocorticoids,” received the 2011 Nocetti and Tiscornia Prize, awarded by the National Academy of Medicine of Buenos Aires.

Ivana Anton Mlinar holds a PhD in Philosophy from the National University of Cuyo (as a DAAD fellow at the Husserl Archives of the University of Cologne, Germany). She is a CONICET researcher and Professor of Philosophy of Language at the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters of the National University of Cuyo. She is the editor of the journal Philosophia and the Journal of Phenomenology and Cognitive Science (with Jethro Masís). She directs the project “Phenomenology and Neuroscience: Studies on the Self” (National University of Cuyo).

Ayelen Sanchez holds a degree in Philosophy from the National University of the South (UNS), where she works as a teaching assistant in the subjects of Metaphysics, Logic, and History of Modern Philosophy. She is currently pursuing her doctorate in Philosophy of Mind. The general topic of her doctoral research is the attribution and self-attribution of intentionality, approached from a philosophical perspective in dialogue with some of the most relevant findings in the field of cognitive psychology.

Belén Mesurado holds a degree in Psychology from the Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino and a PhD in Psychology from the Universidad Nacional de San Luis. She is an Adjunct Researcher at the National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), based at the Interdisciplinary Center for Research in Mathematical and Experimental Psychology (CIIPME). She teaches Research Methodology at the School of Psychology of the Universidad AustralShe works on topics related to Positive Psychology, focusing on the study of family and psycho-emotional factors in the promotion of prosocial behaviors. She developed studies on optimal experience (flow) linked to the promotion of prosocial activities and academic engagement in childhood and adolescence.

Nathaniel Barrett specializes in philosophical and historical studies of the relationship between science and religion, with a particular focus on concepts of nature that arise from religious and scientific conceptions of the human person. His current research explores how contemporary philosophical and scientific theories of embodiment can be used to understand traditional Confucian and Taoist models of spiritual realization. Dr. Barrett serves as coordinator of the Religious and Psychological Well-Being Project at the Danielsen Institute at Boston University. He is also a research fellow at the Institute for Culture and Society at the University of Navarra.

Francisco O'Reilly (Buenos Aires, 1979) holds a Bachelor's and Teaching degree in Philosophy from UNSTA – Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino (Argentina), and a PhD in Philosophy from the University of Navarra. He is currently the Director of the Philosophy Department at the University of Montevideo and a Level I researcher with the National System of Researchers (SNI-ANII) in Uruguay. He has conducted research stays at UNISINOS (Porto Alegre) and the University of Notre Dame (USA). His research focuses on the history of medieval philosophy and the philosophy of religion.

Agustina Lombardi is a Research Assistant at the Ian Ramsey Centre, Oxford, and a doctoral student at UCA, where she graduated in Philosophy in 2011. In 2014, she received a scholarship from the University of Oxford to pursue a master's degree in Modern Theology. Her area of ​​interest is the phenomenology of the person, in relation to scientific research on freedom and the personal self. She is a professor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Biomedical Sciences at the UCA. Universidad Austral.

Ivana Anton Mlinar holds a PhD in Philosophy from the National University of Cuyo (as a DAAD fellow at the Husserl Archive of the University of Cologne, Germany). She is an Assistant Researcher at CONICET and Professor of Philosophy of Language at the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters of UNCuyo. She is the editor of the journal Philosophia and the Journal of Phenomenology and Cognitive Science (with Jethro Masís). She directs the project “Phenomenology and Neuroscience: Perspectives on Empathy” (UNCuyo).

Pablo Brumovsky holds a PhD in Biomedical Sciences from the Universidad Austral and holds a PhD in Neuroscience from the Karolinska Institute (Sweden). He is an adjunct researcher at CONICET in the Institute for Translational Medicine Research (CONICET – Universidad AustralHe is a professor of Anatomy at the same university. He is a member of the International Association for the Study of Pain and leads a research group dedicated to the study of chronic pain of visceral or somatic origin.

Pascual Ángel Gargiulo holds a medical degree, specializing in psychiatry and forensic medicine, from the National University of Cuyo. He is a tenured adjunct professor of pharmacology at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of that university and an independent researcher at CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council). He is the founder and current director of the Laboratory of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology. His research has focused on epistemological and experimental approaches to psychopathological disorders, including applications of neuroscience in education.

Consuelo Martínez Priego holds a doctorate in psychology from the Complutense University of Madrid and a doctorate in philosophy from the University of Navarra. She carries out her teaching and research activities at the Villanueva University Center (affiliated with the Complutense University of Madrid). From 2013 to 2015, she was also a professor and researcher at the Pan-American University. She is the author of numerous scientific publications. Among her books are “Neuroscience and Affectivity: The Psychology of Juan Rof Carballo” (Erasmus, 2012) and “The Family and Its Contexts” (Porrúa, 2016). In her publications, she addresses the themes of human freedom, affectivity and emotions, as well as intrafamilial relationships, articulating philosophical, psychological, and educational perspectives. She is a member of the Spanish Society for the History of Psychology, the Spanish Association of Personalism, and the Leonardo Polo Institute of Philosophical Studies.

Ángela Suburo holds a doctorate in Medicine from the University of Buenos Aires, specializing in neuroscience. She is a Principal Investigator at CONICET and a Professor of Cellular and Molecular Medicine at the University of Buenos Aires. Universidad AustralShe is a member of the Society for Neuroscience, the International Society for Eye Research, the Argentine Society of Neurochemistry, and the Argentine Society for Clinical Research, among others. She leads a research group dedicated to the study of neurodegenerative diseases in the retina and brain.

Juan José Sanguineti holds a PhD in Philosophy and Letters from the University of Navarra. He teaches Philosophy of Knowledge at the Faculty of Philosophy of the Pontifical University of the Holy Cross (Rome). He is the author of fifteen books and approximately 90 scholarly articles on epistemology, philosophy of science, philosophy of nature, philosophy of mind, and neuroscience. He directed the scientific committee of the STOQ III project (Rome, 2007-2010, University of the Holy Cross, Neuroscience area). He regularly teaches doctoral courses and seminars at various universities in Latin America. He is a full member of the Pontifical Roman Academy of St. Thomas Aquinas and the Argentine Thomistic Society. He serves on the scientific committee of the journal "Acta Philosophica" (University of the Holy Cross).

José Eduardo Moreno holds a Bachelor's degree in Psychology from the University of Buenos Aires and a PhD in Psychology from the University of Salvador. He is the Vice-Director of the Interdisciplinary Center for Research in Mathematical and Experimental Psychology "Dr. Horacio J.A. Rimoldi" (CIIPME – CONICET) and an Independent Researcher at the National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET). He is also a Full Professor at the Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina and a Full Consulting Professor at the University of Salvador. He specializes in developmental psychology (childhood and adolescence). His research interests include: a) psychological theories of social and moral development; b) evaluation of values ​​and ethical stances; c) vocational and occupational motivations; and d) self-concept, self-esteem, and peer relationships in adolescence.

Alfredo F. Marcos Martínez holds a PhD in Philosophy from the University of Barcelona and is Professor of Philosophy of Science at the University of Valladolid. He has conducted research at Cambridge and Rome. He has taught and lectured at numerous universities in Spain, Colombia, Italy, Mexico, France, Argentina, and Poland. He teaches courses on the history and philosophy of science, bioethics, and science communication. He has published a dozen books and more than sixty articles and book chapters on the history and philosophy of science, environmental ethics, bioethics, philosophy of biology, science communication, and Aristotelian studies. He coordinates the philosophy of science section of the journal Investigación y Ciencia (Research and Science). He has served as head of the philosophy department at the University of Valladolid. He has been a member of various hospital bioethics committees. He is currently the coordinator of the Inter-University Doctoral Program in Logic and Philosophy of Science.

María Cristina Richaud holds a PhD in Philosophy and Letters, specializing in Psychology (University of Buenos Aires). She is a Senior Researcher at CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), Director of the Doctoral Program in Psychology at UCA (Argentine Catholic University), and Vice President of the Inter-American Center for Research in Psychology and Related Sciences (CIIPCA). She has received the following distinctions: the 2005 Bernardo Houssay Award for Scientific and Technological Research for Established Researchers in the Broad Area of ​​Human and Social Sciences; the 2009 Rubén Ardila International Award for Scientific Research in Psychology; the 2013 APA Award for Distinguished Contributions to the International Advancement of Psychology; and the Carlo Molinari Marotto Award from the Association for the Advancement of Psychological Science for outstanding contributions to the scientific advancement of psychology in Argentina (November 2014).

She is also the director and editor of Interdisciplinaria, a journal of psychology and related sciences, and the representative for Argentina at the biennial assemblies of the International Union of Psychological Sciences (IUPsyS). She has over two hundred publications and book chapters in her field, and is the author of several books.

Mariano Asla holds a degree in Philosophy from the Catholic University of Argentina and a PhD in Philosophy from the University of Navarra. He is the author of the book “Universal Moral Grammar: A Cognitive Approach to Moral Law?”, published by EUNSA. He is an adjunct professor of Philosophical Anthropology and Ethics at the Faculty of Biomedical Sciences of the Universidad AustralShe is also a member of the Council on Ethics in Medicine (CAEEM) of the National Academy of Medicine. Her area of ​​interest is philosophical naturalism, particularly in areas such as the cognitive sciences of morality and religion, the philosophy of pain, and the question of human universals and innatism.

Dr. Adolfo M. García specializes in the neuroscience of language. He is the Scientific Director of the Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neuroscience (LPEN-INCYT), a CONICET Researcher, and a Professor of Neurolinguistics at UNCuyo. He is also an Associate Editor of the Journal of World Languages ​​and the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. In addition, he has served as a Visiting Professor at universities in Colombia, Chile, Australia, Germany, and China. He has published over 70 articles in internationally renowned journals, focusing on cognitive neuroscience and linguistics. His books include What Are Neurosciences, co-authored with Agustín Ibáñez (Paidós, 2015), Bilingual Mind (Comunicarte, 2016), and An Introduction to Relational Network Theory (Equinox, forthcoming). In 2013, he received the Most Outstanding Paper Award from the Linguistic Association of Canada and the United States. In 2015, he was awarded the Young Researcher Prize from the Argentine Association of Behavioral Sciences.

José Eduardo Moreno holds a Bachelor's degree in Psychology from the University of Buenos Aires and a PhD in Psychology from the University of Salvador. He is the Vice-Director of the Interdisciplinary Center for Research in Mathematical and Experimental Psychology "Dr. Horacio J.A. Rimoldi" (CIIPME – CONICET) and an Independent Researcher at the National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET). He is also a Full Professor at the Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina and a Full Consulting Professor at the University of Salvador. He specializes in developmental psychology (childhood and adolescence). His research interests include: a) psychological theories of social and moral development; b) evaluation of values ​​and ethical stances; c) vocational and occupational motivations; and d) self-concept, self-esteem, and peer relationships in adolescence.

Juan Ignacio Blanco Ilari is a Research Professor in the area of ​​Ethics and Modern Philosophy at the National University of General Sarmiento, and Professor of Ethics and Philosophy I at ESEADE. He is an Adjunct Researcher at CONICET. He co-directs the research project “Language and social bond: subjectivation, subjection and critique in some currents of contemporary thought” (CONICET) and is a member/researcher of the project “Experience and experimentation in late modernity: the diagnosis of the crisis of experience and the rise of the society of experimentation” (UBA).

Ángela Suburo holds a doctorate in Medicine from the University of Buenos Aires, specializing in neuroscience. She is a Principal Investigator at CONICET and a Professor of Cellular and Molecular Medicine at the University of Buenos Aires. Universidad AustralShe is a member of several associations: the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (Chairperson of the Retinal Cell Biology section), the Society for Neuroscience, the International Society for Eye Research, the Argentine Society of Neurochemistry, and the Argentine Society for Clinical Research. She leads a group of young researchers dedicated to the study of neurodegenerative diseases of the retina and brain. Her work, “Photoreceptor Protection Mechanisms: Role of Glucocorticoids,” received the 2011 Nocetti and Tiscornia Prize, awarded by the National Academy of Medicine of Buenos Aires.

Nora Grañana is a physician with a PhD in Neuroscience. She is an attending physician at Durand Hospital in Buenos Aires. She specializes in pediatric neurology, particularly autism. She participates in campaigns that promote autism awareness at various levels of society, including public health authorities. She coordinates the PROTECTEA autism program and the RENACER early intervention program for the Buenos Aires City Ministry of Health.

Juan José Sanguineti holds a PhD in Philosophy and Letters from the University of Navarra. He teaches Philosophy of Knowledge at the Faculty of Philosophy of the Pontifical University of the Holy Cross (Rome). He is the author of fifteen books and approximately 90 scholarly articles on epistemology, philosophy of science, philosophy of nature, philosophy of mind, and neuroscience. He directed the scientific committee of the STOQ III project (Rome, 2007-2010, University of the Holy Cross, Neuroscience area). He regularly teaches doctoral courses and seminars at various universities in Latin America. He is a full member of the Pontifical Roman Academy of St. Thomas Aquinas and the Argentine Thomistic Society. He serves on the scientific committee of the journal "Acta Philosophica" (University of the Holy Cross).

Juan F. Franck holds a PhD in Philosophy from the International Academy of Philosophy (Liechtenstein) and completed postdoctoral studies in the USA, Switzerland, Italy, and Spain. He is the author of the book "From the Nature of the Mind to Personal Dignity" (CUA Press 2006) and numerous articles in his field. Between 2005 and 2010, he was a researcher at the Catholic University of Argentina, focusing on the problem of corporeality and topics in the philosophy of knowledge. He subsequently joined the Institute of Philosophy at the Universidad Australwhere he focused on the philosophy of neuroscience. In his presentations and work, he seeks to integrate different approaches (classical, modern, phenomenological, analytical) when addressing the philosophical problems posed by neuroscience. He is also a professor of Modern Philosophy at the Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino.

This text is a collection of Gabriel Zanotti's principal articles on the philosophy of science from 1996 to the present. The manuscript is divided into three sections: philosophy of science (16 essays), philosophy of social science (7 essays), and political epistemology (3 essays).

While the essays do not revolve directly around Popper, none of them would have been possible without the influence of the great Viennese thinker. Undoubtedly, what is now called “the historical turn in the philosophy of science” (Kuhn, Lakatos, Feyerabend) had its turning point in Popper, despite the differences between them.

Eleonore Stump is the Robert H. Henle Professor at Saint Louis University (USA), where she has taught since 1992. She is the author of numerous publications in Philosophy of Religion, Contemporary Metaphysics, and Medieval Philosophy. She has served as President of the Society of Christian Philosophers, the American Catholic Philosophical Association, and the American Philosophical Association (Central Division); and is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. She has delivered the prestigious Gifford Lectures (Aberdeen, 2003), Wilde Lectures (Oxford, 2006), and Stewart Lectures (Princeton, 2009).