In Latin America, during the second half of the 20th century, the fertility rate declined considerably, accompanied by an expansion of women's education and the growth of the female workforce. The same has occurred in Argentina. As evidenced by national censuses and vital statistics from the Ministry of Health, the decline in birth rates has been ongoing and intensifying for almost two decades. This demonstrates that our country is below the population replacement rate (1,4), with a decrease in the average number of children as the Argentine census years progress and an increase in the number of childless women.